READ WEBNOVEL Nanming: I can build wonders
Chapter 17 Indigenous Cement
Chapter 17 Indigenous Cement
After living a gentle and rural life in the mansion for a few days, Zheng Kezang began to worry again.
The vacation of the boys in the youth camp is about to end, and Zheng Kezang wants to recruit another batch of students.
But this is facing a real problem: the dormitory of Dongning Military Academy is not enough, and the civilian husbands over the monument cannot be easily used, and he is embarrassed to ask Chen Yonghua to recruit civilian husbands for him.
These days when he went to the palace to discuss, the group of old men from Zheng Jing’s small court put him under a lot of pressure. Xie Xian, the engineering officer, often cried and complained that too many craftsmen were transferred from the monument, and the work of the Ministry of Industry would soon be unable to continue.
He had nothing to do with these little old men, he could only try his best to appease him, but luckily his father-in-law Chen Yonghua withstood most of the pressure for him.
Since ancient times, ministers have opposed the emperor's large-scale construction projects, because glutinous rice was used, and there was no cement in ancient times. Glutinous rice juice is a good construction adhesive. The material is easy to obtain, but it is too wasteful. Ancient grain is life. Where there is food, there is a steady stream of reserve troops.
Wait, cement!These days, Zheng Kezang was so busy training soldiers that he even forgot to invent cement. This thing has no technical content. Zheng Kezang, a talented student in civil engineering, knows how to make cement.
You know, Zheng Kezang’s former project manager taught him like this: When you work on a construction site, if you pick up a steel bar, you will be a steel worker, and if you pick up a hammer, you will be a carpenter. You can do everything, and you will not be eliminated wherever you go.
At that time, Zheng Kezang wanted to reply: Pick up the teacup, I am the project manager.
Zheng Kezang thought about it carefully, whether traveling here is a different kind of running around with buckets.
The past has become a memory. Thanks to the project manager who treats him like a horse, Zheng Kezang still vaguely remembers how to make cement.
Cement is known as one of the greatest inventions of mankind. With it, both military and civilian construction will undergo earth-shaking changes. It is a key product that must be produced when all kinds of travelers have the ability.
How to do it is also very simple. Zheng Kezang remembers that the formula is: clay bricks, fragments of various pottery vessels, fragments of various ceramic dishes, and various refractory materials, such as fragments of cylinders, basins, etc., water-quenched slag (ironmaking The waste slag in the furnace is directly put into the cold water pool for quenching), slag ash (residue after various coals are burned), each of the above materials can be taken 75% alone, or mixed together to take 75% in total.
Then take 20-25% of quicklime, and if possible, add plaster of paris, grind it from gypsum ore or waste gypsum model, heat it in an iron pot to 130-180 degrees, and fry it until it is yellow-gray. It is used to adjust the cement solidification speed. Use, but also do not add.
The preparation method is also simple. Wash all the above materials, dry them in a fire pit, and grind them into powder. They can be mixed and ground together, or they can be ground separately and then mixed evenly. The most common stone can be used. Grind finely.
Mixing the above various finely ground materials together in proportion is cement, also known as mixed cement.
This kind of cement has good acid and alkali corrosion resistance, low early strength, and rapid strength growth under high temperature curing. It has strong water absorption and low heat release when used. It usually takes 2 to 3 months to reach the standard strength, and its frost resistance is not as good as ordinary cement. For cement, the curing period takes 20 days.
The method is simple, and the next step is to recruit workers and open a cement factory. With cement, the quality of the monument's project must be greatly improved.
Opening a factory is a big event. Zheng Kezang summoned the old eunuch Li, picked up a stack of papers on the table, and said, "Old Li, according to this regulation, you go to recruit a group of civilian husbands. The number does not need to be large, a hundred or so will do." gone."
Lao Li took the paper from His Highness Jian Guo's hand, flipped through it carefully in a daze, and saw a few large characters on it: "Cement Factory Establishment Regulations."
Eunuch Li thought to himself: What is cement? Is it the mud in the water? What can this thing do?
With doubts, Eunuch Li continued to watch, the more he watched, the more frightened he became.
After watching for a long time, his face could not be tense, and he said with a bitter face: "These peasants are not workers, and a worker needs 500 yuan a month, including food and housing. Your Highness, even if you kill me, you can't be so prodigal." ah."
While talking, Eunuch Li beat his chest and stomped his feet. Although Zheng Kezang made a lot of money from Thomas the British, he made a lot of money and spent a lot. Every day he watched the money disappear, Eunuch Li was very upset. heartache.
Seeing Eunuch Li's reaction so violently, Zheng Kezang felt that he should give in a little bit, lest the old eunuch be pissed off by him, so he comforted him: "Don't panic, Lao Li, the money is spent, and it will come back sooner or later. This is a profitable business. How about changing the monthly payment to 400 Wen, and keeping everything else the same.”
Eunuch Li could barely accept this treatment, but he was puzzled: "His Royal Highness, what is the matter with you saying that you are making money every day? What the hell is cement?"
"Old Li, you know glutinous rice juice, right? This thing can stick bricks instead of glutinous rice juice. With it, we can build an extremely strong city wall and save food. In the future, we will no longer be afraid of waste in the construction of the country. There is food." Zheng Kezang, who was in a good mood, explained to him popular science.
Zheng Kezang was in a good mood, but Mrs. Li felt ashamed after listening to him. He couldn't understand the front part, but when he heard that sentence in the back, his legs went limp and he almost couldn't stop.
"His Royal Highness Jian Guo, I haven't read many books, but I also know how Emperor Sui Yang caused chaos in the world, that is, the large-scale construction and construction made the people's lives miserable. Please think twice, Your Highness Jian Guo." Eunuch Li said worriedly.
As soon as the voice fell, Zheng Kezang said without doubt: "Lao Li, you don't have to worry about this. The country has a solution, so you can just follow the rules and regulations. As for how to make cement, I will personally go there teach workers."
Seeing that he couldn’t be persuaded, Eunuch Li also gave up. The Zheng Kezang he knew always had his own ideas. He often seemed approachable, but in fact he had his own ideas. Even if Zheng Jing came, he might not be able to handle the things he decided. He simply didn't say anything, as long as His Royal Highness Jian Guo knew it well.
It is impossible for Zheng Kezang to listen to Lao Li's advice, because his spectacle system will inevitably require large-scale construction in the future, and he believes that the root cause of the rapid demise of the Sui Dynasty is not the large-scale construction, but the root cause is Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty.
This is because the so-called Sui Wendi's "opening of the emperor's prosperity" is actually an extremely deformed country rich and poor.
The Sui Dynasty can be regarded as the end of the second generation, and the common people rebelled only if they could not survive. This kind of "prosperous age" has nothing to do with the common people.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty strictly counted land and population, and thus established an extremely efficient tax collection system. The wealth of the people quickly dried up, and the emperor had ample finances. The desire to spend money was born, and the impulse to concentrate on doing big things was like Teenagers' desire for the opposite sex is just as uncontrollable.
This is human nature, and if you suddenly get a lot of money, this desire will also arise.
What was a "big thing" in those days?Of course, infrastructure projects and foreign wars.
Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty carried out large-scale construction projects, dug connecting canals, built palaces, and launched wars to conquer Goguryeo and Tuguhun. At this time, the people were already very poor.
The household registration system established in ancient times was originally to establish a stable tax source for the finances. However, in order not to squeeze the people excessively, this household registration system must maintain a certain degree of flexibility, or ambiguity, so that the people can avoid some exorbitant taxes.
Because of the top-down ruling order of ancient dynasties, there is basically no risk of superiors oppressing subordinates. Officials oppressing people can be said to come at will, and lower officials impose additional taxes on the people without any restrictions.
But from the perspective of the court, as long as the people are not forced to survive and rebel.During the period of the Three Kingdoms, some counties of Shu State belonged to Wei State. Cao Pi found that the household registration in these places was incomplete and chaotic, and the population and land statistics were highly inaccurate, so he wanted to make strict statistics.
However, Sima Yi saw the trick: it was precisely because the Shu Han adopted a strict management system and squeezed these places too hard that they rebelled. Wei Guo should not continue the mistakes of the Shu Han, but should leave some ambiguity for these people Space, so he dissuaded Cao Pi.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty saw the importance of finances when he was Prime Minister of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The reason why the Northern Qi Dynasty was able to destroy the Northern Qi Dynasty was that the population statistics of the Northern Qi Dynasty were chaotic and the tax revenue was greatly reduced. There was nothing the imperial court could do, which resulted in a tax reduction of more than 60%.
After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty unified the country, he conducted a strict census in the area east of Xiaoshan, and all people had to register with the government. If they found out that they had concealed it, not only would they face severe punishment, but they would even have to be distributed in Lizheng.
As a result, the Sui Dynasty established very accurate census data, thus establishing a strict household registration management system.Each prefecture and county clears the household registration once a year. This household registration management system allows the imperial court to control every corner of the people, and almost no one can escape taxation and corvee.
As for land statistics, the Sui Dynasty was greatly exaggerated.According to statistics from the ninth year of Kaihuang, there are 19 billion mu of cultivated land in the whole country, which is 4000 billion mu when converted into modern mu, which is larger than the current cultivated land. However, the territory of the Sui Dynasty was not as large as it is now. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, China The cultivated land has always been around 21 million modern mu, which shows how exaggerated the land statistics of the Sui Dynasty were.
It is self-evident that this kind of statistics has caused disasters to the people. The imperial court has collected excessive taxes according to this land statistics, and the actual land output is not so much. Can the common people not be poor?
Due to the high efficiency of the court's taxation machine, wealth quickly gathered in the hands of the court, while the people continued to slide into poverty.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty also issued tax exemptions and tax reductions, but these were short-term and temporary, and did not alleviate the trend of the taxation system's long-term and efficient extraction of private wealth, leading to the country's rich and poor people.
After Emperor Sui Yang ascended the throne, such ample finances gave him a great illusion.In the fifth year of Daye (609 A.D.), there were 890 million households and 300 million people in the country. In this year, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty launched a war against Tuyuhun. More than [-] million, the number of households was almost the same in the Kaiyuan period.
Emperor Sui Yang's military discipline was quite good. He himself was also a military commander, and he also issued tax reduction measures, but what is the land statistics for this year? 55 billion mu, which is ten times less than the actual number of mu.This means that the common people have to pay so much land tax, and the common people are already unbearable.
In the eighth, ninth, and tenth years of the great cause, Emperor Sui Yang launched three wars against Goguryeo. Disasters occurred in various places, and the opening of the Grand Canal, military operations, and palace construction required tax increases, which finally exceeded the critical point that the people could bear. The society collapsed, riots rose up everywhere, and officials rebelled one after another.
After thinking so much, Zheng Kezang also realized a little bit that it is not desirable to be extremely rich and the people poor. Although all this is still far away from him, he is only a temporary island owner now, and he has to pass Feng Xifan's test if he wants to become a regular.
(End of this chapter)
After living a gentle and rural life in the mansion for a few days, Zheng Kezang began to worry again.
The vacation of the boys in the youth camp is about to end, and Zheng Kezang wants to recruit another batch of students.
But this is facing a real problem: the dormitory of Dongning Military Academy is not enough, and the civilian husbands over the monument cannot be easily used, and he is embarrassed to ask Chen Yonghua to recruit civilian husbands for him.
These days when he went to the palace to discuss, the group of old men from Zheng Jing’s small court put him under a lot of pressure. Xie Xian, the engineering officer, often cried and complained that too many craftsmen were transferred from the monument, and the work of the Ministry of Industry would soon be unable to continue.
He had nothing to do with these little old men, he could only try his best to appease him, but luckily his father-in-law Chen Yonghua withstood most of the pressure for him.
Since ancient times, ministers have opposed the emperor's large-scale construction projects, because glutinous rice was used, and there was no cement in ancient times. Glutinous rice juice is a good construction adhesive. The material is easy to obtain, but it is too wasteful. Ancient grain is life. Where there is food, there is a steady stream of reserve troops.
Wait, cement!These days, Zheng Kezang was so busy training soldiers that he even forgot to invent cement. This thing has no technical content. Zheng Kezang, a talented student in civil engineering, knows how to make cement.
You know, Zheng Kezang’s former project manager taught him like this: When you work on a construction site, if you pick up a steel bar, you will be a steel worker, and if you pick up a hammer, you will be a carpenter. You can do everything, and you will not be eliminated wherever you go.
At that time, Zheng Kezang wanted to reply: Pick up the teacup, I am the project manager.
Zheng Kezang thought about it carefully, whether traveling here is a different kind of running around with buckets.
The past has become a memory. Thanks to the project manager who treats him like a horse, Zheng Kezang still vaguely remembers how to make cement.
Cement is known as one of the greatest inventions of mankind. With it, both military and civilian construction will undergo earth-shaking changes. It is a key product that must be produced when all kinds of travelers have the ability.
How to do it is also very simple. Zheng Kezang remembers that the formula is: clay bricks, fragments of various pottery vessels, fragments of various ceramic dishes, and various refractory materials, such as fragments of cylinders, basins, etc., water-quenched slag (ironmaking The waste slag in the furnace is directly put into the cold water pool for quenching), slag ash (residue after various coals are burned), each of the above materials can be taken 75% alone, or mixed together to take 75% in total.
Then take 20-25% of quicklime, and if possible, add plaster of paris, grind it from gypsum ore or waste gypsum model, heat it in an iron pot to 130-180 degrees, and fry it until it is yellow-gray. It is used to adjust the cement solidification speed. Use, but also do not add.
The preparation method is also simple. Wash all the above materials, dry them in a fire pit, and grind them into powder. They can be mixed and ground together, or they can be ground separately and then mixed evenly. The most common stone can be used. Grind finely.
Mixing the above various finely ground materials together in proportion is cement, also known as mixed cement.
This kind of cement has good acid and alkali corrosion resistance, low early strength, and rapid strength growth under high temperature curing. It has strong water absorption and low heat release when used. It usually takes 2 to 3 months to reach the standard strength, and its frost resistance is not as good as ordinary cement. For cement, the curing period takes 20 days.
The method is simple, and the next step is to recruit workers and open a cement factory. With cement, the quality of the monument's project must be greatly improved.
Opening a factory is a big event. Zheng Kezang summoned the old eunuch Li, picked up a stack of papers on the table, and said, "Old Li, according to this regulation, you go to recruit a group of civilian husbands. The number does not need to be large, a hundred or so will do." gone."
Lao Li took the paper from His Highness Jian Guo's hand, flipped through it carefully in a daze, and saw a few large characters on it: "Cement Factory Establishment Regulations."
Eunuch Li thought to himself: What is cement? Is it the mud in the water? What can this thing do?
With doubts, Eunuch Li continued to watch, the more he watched, the more frightened he became.
After watching for a long time, his face could not be tense, and he said with a bitter face: "These peasants are not workers, and a worker needs 500 yuan a month, including food and housing. Your Highness, even if you kill me, you can't be so prodigal." ah."
While talking, Eunuch Li beat his chest and stomped his feet. Although Zheng Kezang made a lot of money from Thomas the British, he made a lot of money and spent a lot. Every day he watched the money disappear, Eunuch Li was very upset. heartache.
Seeing Eunuch Li's reaction so violently, Zheng Kezang felt that he should give in a little bit, lest the old eunuch be pissed off by him, so he comforted him: "Don't panic, Lao Li, the money is spent, and it will come back sooner or later. This is a profitable business. How about changing the monthly payment to 400 Wen, and keeping everything else the same.”
Eunuch Li could barely accept this treatment, but he was puzzled: "His Royal Highness, what is the matter with you saying that you are making money every day? What the hell is cement?"
"Old Li, you know glutinous rice juice, right? This thing can stick bricks instead of glutinous rice juice. With it, we can build an extremely strong city wall and save food. In the future, we will no longer be afraid of waste in the construction of the country. There is food." Zheng Kezang, who was in a good mood, explained to him popular science.
Zheng Kezang was in a good mood, but Mrs. Li felt ashamed after listening to him. He couldn't understand the front part, but when he heard that sentence in the back, his legs went limp and he almost couldn't stop.
"His Royal Highness Jian Guo, I haven't read many books, but I also know how Emperor Sui Yang caused chaos in the world, that is, the large-scale construction and construction made the people's lives miserable. Please think twice, Your Highness Jian Guo." Eunuch Li said worriedly.
As soon as the voice fell, Zheng Kezang said without doubt: "Lao Li, you don't have to worry about this. The country has a solution, so you can just follow the rules and regulations. As for how to make cement, I will personally go there teach workers."
Seeing that he couldn’t be persuaded, Eunuch Li also gave up. The Zheng Kezang he knew always had his own ideas. He often seemed approachable, but in fact he had his own ideas. Even if Zheng Jing came, he might not be able to handle the things he decided. He simply didn't say anything, as long as His Royal Highness Jian Guo knew it well.
It is impossible for Zheng Kezang to listen to Lao Li's advice, because his spectacle system will inevitably require large-scale construction in the future, and he believes that the root cause of the rapid demise of the Sui Dynasty is not the large-scale construction, but the root cause is Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty.
This is because the so-called Sui Wendi's "opening of the emperor's prosperity" is actually an extremely deformed country rich and poor.
The Sui Dynasty can be regarded as the end of the second generation, and the common people rebelled only if they could not survive. This kind of "prosperous age" has nothing to do with the common people.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty strictly counted land and population, and thus established an extremely efficient tax collection system. The wealth of the people quickly dried up, and the emperor had ample finances. The desire to spend money was born, and the impulse to concentrate on doing big things was like Teenagers' desire for the opposite sex is just as uncontrollable.
This is human nature, and if you suddenly get a lot of money, this desire will also arise.
What was a "big thing" in those days?Of course, infrastructure projects and foreign wars.
Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty carried out large-scale construction projects, dug connecting canals, built palaces, and launched wars to conquer Goguryeo and Tuguhun. At this time, the people were already very poor.
The household registration system established in ancient times was originally to establish a stable tax source for the finances. However, in order not to squeeze the people excessively, this household registration system must maintain a certain degree of flexibility, or ambiguity, so that the people can avoid some exorbitant taxes.
Because of the top-down ruling order of ancient dynasties, there is basically no risk of superiors oppressing subordinates. Officials oppressing people can be said to come at will, and lower officials impose additional taxes on the people without any restrictions.
But from the perspective of the court, as long as the people are not forced to survive and rebel.During the period of the Three Kingdoms, some counties of Shu State belonged to Wei State. Cao Pi found that the household registration in these places was incomplete and chaotic, and the population and land statistics were highly inaccurate, so he wanted to make strict statistics.
However, Sima Yi saw the trick: it was precisely because the Shu Han adopted a strict management system and squeezed these places too hard that they rebelled. Wei Guo should not continue the mistakes of the Shu Han, but should leave some ambiguity for these people Space, so he dissuaded Cao Pi.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty saw the importance of finances when he was Prime Minister of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The reason why the Northern Qi Dynasty was able to destroy the Northern Qi Dynasty was that the population statistics of the Northern Qi Dynasty were chaotic and the tax revenue was greatly reduced. There was nothing the imperial court could do, which resulted in a tax reduction of more than 60%.
After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty unified the country, he conducted a strict census in the area east of Xiaoshan, and all people had to register with the government. If they found out that they had concealed it, not only would they face severe punishment, but they would even have to be distributed in Lizheng.
As a result, the Sui Dynasty established very accurate census data, thus establishing a strict household registration management system.Each prefecture and county clears the household registration once a year. This household registration management system allows the imperial court to control every corner of the people, and almost no one can escape taxation and corvee.
As for land statistics, the Sui Dynasty was greatly exaggerated.According to statistics from the ninth year of Kaihuang, there are 19 billion mu of cultivated land in the whole country, which is 4000 billion mu when converted into modern mu, which is larger than the current cultivated land. However, the territory of the Sui Dynasty was not as large as it is now. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, China The cultivated land has always been around 21 million modern mu, which shows how exaggerated the land statistics of the Sui Dynasty were.
It is self-evident that this kind of statistics has caused disasters to the people. The imperial court has collected excessive taxes according to this land statistics, and the actual land output is not so much. Can the common people not be poor?
Due to the high efficiency of the court's taxation machine, wealth quickly gathered in the hands of the court, while the people continued to slide into poverty.
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty also issued tax exemptions and tax reductions, but these were short-term and temporary, and did not alleviate the trend of the taxation system's long-term and efficient extraction of private wealth, leading to the country's rich and poor people.
After Emperor Sui Yang ascended the throne, such ample finances gave him a great illusion.In the fifth year of Daye (609 A.D.), there were 890 million households and 300 million people in the country. In this year, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty launched a war against Tuyuhun. More than [-] million, the number of households was almost the same in the Kaiyuan period.
Emperor Sui Yang's military discipline was quite good. He himself was also a military commander, and he also issued tax reduction measures, but what is the land statistics for this year? 55 billion mu, which is ten times less than the actual number of mu.This means that the common people have to pay so much land tax, and the common people are already unbearable.
In the eighth, ninth, and tenth years of the great cause, Emperor Sui Yang launched three wars against Goguryeo. Disasters occurred in various places, and the opening of the Grand Canal, military operations, and palace construction required tax increases, which finally exceeded the critical point that the people could bear. The society collapsed, riots rose up everywhere, and officials rebelled one after another.
After thinking so much, Zheng Kezang also realized a little bit that it is not desirable to be extremely rich and the people poor. Although all this is still far away from him, he is only a temporary island owner now, and he has to pass Feng Xifan's test if he wants to become a regular.
(End of this chapter)
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